It is defined by the spatial relationship of lines with each other, their beginning and terminating points, and the unique pattern they make. The pattern is the unique characteristics of the ridges and valleys that make up the print. Friction ridges are also found on our palms, feet, and toes. Here we go… FingerprintsĪ fingerprint is a pattern of friction ridge details that are comprised of ridges and valleys. Hopefully, I can save you time if you choose to use this information in your books. My instructor was an incredible teacher, but it’s a difficult field to grasp in a short period of time. So when I got home I delved deeper into fingerprints in preparation of this post. In today’s post, let’s look at fingerprints. While there, I could hardly wait to share all the things I learned with you. ![]() Whorl, plain - A type of print pattern that consists of one or more friction ridges making a complete circuit and two deltas an imaginary line drawn between the two deltas touches or crosses at least one recurving ridge within the inner pattern area.The Writers’ Police Academy is by far the best conference I’ve ever attended. Whorl, double loop - A type of print pattern that consists of two separate loop formations with two separate and distinct sets of shoulders and two deltas. Whorl, central pocket loop - A type of print pattern that has two deltas and at least one friction ridge that makes one complete circuit, which may be spiral, oval, circular, or any variant of a circle an imaginary line drawn between the two deltas does not touch or cross the “central pocket” (the recurving ridges within the inner pattern area). Whorl, accidental - A type of print pattern consisting of the combination of two different types of patterns (excluding the plain arch) with two or more deltas or a print pattern type that possesses some of the requirements for two or more different types of patterns or a print pattern type that conforms to none of the definitions of a pattern. Shoulder - The point of a loop’s recurving ridge where it curves back around. Ridge counter - A handheld, pointed tool used for counting the number of ridges during fingerprint analysis. Print - The mark made by a finger or thumb on a surface or in a soft material such as wax or wet paint can be patent (surface-visible), latent (surface-invisible), or plastic (3-dimensional in soft material). Loupe - A small, often frame-mounted magnifier used for examining fingerprint detail. Loop - A type of print pattern in which one or more friction ridges enter on one side of the print, curve up and around and back down, then flow out on the same side of the print from which it entered types can be divided into left slant loops and right slant loops or, if the source of the print is known to be a specific hand (the left or right), into radial loops (the pattern flows in the direction of the radius bone of the forearm, toward the thumb) and ulnar loops (the pattern flows in the direction of the ulna bone of the forearm, toward the little finger). Īrch, plain - A type of print pattern in which the friction ridges enter on one side of the print and flow out the other side with a rise or wave in the center.Īrch, tented - A type of print pattern similar to the plain arch but that possesses an angle, upthrust (central rise), or two of the three basic characteristics of the loop.Ĭyanoacrylate - The primary (>98%) component of super glue it is used in a fuming technique to develop latent (invisible) prints on a variety of surfaces so they can be photographed.Ĭore - A structure in the print that is the center line or lines of the print it is important for conducting ridge counts.ĭelta - A point in loop and whorl prints that lies within an often triangular, three-pronged or funnel-shaped structure it is the part of a ridge nearest the point where two parallel ridge lines (the “type” lines) diverge to flow around the loop or whorl loop patterns have one delta, which is the starting point for conducting a ridge count, and whorls have two or more, which are important for determining the whorl type.įriction ridge - The raised portion of the skin of the print, consisting of one or more connected ridges.įurrow - A valley or depression between friction ridges. ![]() Additional terms can be found on the SWGFAST website. ![]() The Scientific Working Group on Friction Ridge Analysis, Study and Technology (SWGFAST) maintains a list of terms generally used and accepted within the fingerprint analysis community.
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